摘要

粘菌素是治疗碳青霉烯耐药肠杆菌科感染的少数现有药物之一。因此，最近由质粒介导的粘菌素抗性基因mcr-1的扩散构成了重大的公共健康威胁，需要全球监测和监测。在这里，我们使用457 mcr-1阳性序列分离物的数据集来表征mcr-1的全球分布。我们在各种质粒类型中发现mcr-1，但鉴定了所有mcr-1序列共有的直接背景。我们的分析表明，在2000年代中期（2002 - 2008年; 95％最高的后密度），ISApl1转座子在mcr-1的初始动员过程中的所有mcr-1元素均下降，随后显着的人口增长到其目前的全球分销。我们的研究结果为mcr-1的起源和传播提供了第一个系统发育分析，并强调了理解抗生素抗性基因在多个基因组组织中的移动的重要性。

Colistin represents one of the few available drugs for treating infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. As such, the recent plasmid-mediated spread of the colistin resistance gene mcr-1 poses a significant public health threat, requiring global monitoring and surveillance. Here, we characterize the global distribution of mcr-1 using a data set of 457 mcr-1-positive sequenced isolates. We find mcr-1 in various plasmid types but identify an immediate background common to all mcr-1 sequences. Our analyses establish that all mcr-1 elements in circulation descend from the same initial mobilization of mcr-1 by an ISApl1 transposon in the mid 2000s (2002-2008; 95% highest posterior density), followed by a marked demographic expansion, which led to its current global distribution. Our results provide the first systematic phylogenetic analysis of the origin and spread of mcr-1, and emphasize the importance of understanding the movement of antibiotic resistance genes across multiple levels of genomic organization.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29563494