摘要
      以往对抗生素耐药性基因和微生物的研究主要集中在城市污水处理厂、养殖场、医院和其他抗生素污染严重的地方。然而，目前有明显的证据表明，抗生素耐药性基因确实存在于几乎没有人类足迹的原始环境中。因此，选择中国贵州娘娘山的原始喀斯特山地沼泽生态系统，包括草本沼泽、灌木沼泽、泥炭沼泽和森林沼泽，对沉积物的物理和化学参数进行分析。此外，还利用宏基因组技术分析了微生物的组成、功能及其与ARGs的联系。结果表明，四个沼泽地的优势微生物和ARGs没有显著差异，其中优势细菌门为变形菌门（37.82%）、不动杆菌门（22.17%）和放线菌门（20.64%）；占优势的古菌Euryarchaeota。(1.00 %); 和以代谢为主要功能的优势真核生物子囊菌门（0.07%）。基于ARDB数据库，注释的ARGs数量达到209个，包括30个亚型，并且显性ARGs均为杆菌肽抗性基因（bacA，84.77%）。就微生物和ARGs的多样性而言，草本沼泽位居榜首，灌木沼泽垫底。微生物与抗性基因的相关性分析表明，除aac2ic、macB、smeE、tetQ和tetL外，其他ARGs与微生物呈正相关。其中baca与微生物共存。Pearson相关分析结果表明，与ARGs相反，微生物更受环境因素的影响。
Abstract
Previous research on antibiotic resistance genes and microorganisms centered on those in urban sewage treatment plants, breeding farms, hospitals and others with serious antibiotic pollution. However, at present, there are evident proofs that antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) indeed exist in a primitive environment hardly without any human’s footprints. Accordingly, an original karst mountain swamp ecosystem in Niangniang Mountain, Guizhou, China, including herbaceous swamp, shrub swamp, sphagnum bog and forest swamp, was selected to analyze the physical and chemical parameters of sediments. Moreover, microbial compositions, functions, as well as their connections with ARGs were assayed and analyzed using metagenomic technology. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the dominant microorganisms and ARGs in the four marshes, in which the dominant bacteria phyla were Proteobacteria (37.82 %), Acidobacteriota (22.17 %) and Actinobacteriota (20.64 %); the dominant archaea Euryarchaeota. (1.00 %); and the dominant eukaryotes Ascomycota (0.07 %), with metabolism as their major functions. Based on the ARDB database, the number of ARGs annotated reached 209 including 30 subtypes, and the dominant ARGs were all Bacitracin resistance genes (bacA, 84.77 %). In terms of the diversity of microorganisms and ARGs, the herbaceous swamp ranked the top, and the shrub swamp were at the bottom. Correlation analysis between microorganisms and resistance genes showed that, apart from aac2ic, macB, smeE, tetQ, and tetL, other ARGs were positively correlated with microorganisms. Among them, baca coexisted with microorganisms. Pearson correlation analysis results showed that contrary to ARGs, microorganisms were more affected by environmental factors.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651322010508