摘要
      家禽粪便是农业生产的宝贵营养资源，也是将抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）和粪便相关细菌（LAB）引入环境的潜在来源。草原地带已被证明是改善农业生态系统环境质量的有效保护措施。本研究旨在评估草原地带在减少施用枯枝落叶后径流中LAB和ARGs运输的潜力。使用复制区块设计进行了小区规模的降雨模拟，在降雨事件期间采集了土壤和地表径流样本。在垃圾、土壤和水样中对微生物分类群和ARGs进行了表征。在施用枯枝落叶的小区中，LAB和ARGs主要在径流中检测到，而在土壤中检测到的很少。在径流中检测ARGs，无论条形装置如何，都与之前观察到的垃圾是抗微生物耐药性（AMR）风险的来源一致。草原地带去除LAB和ARGs的效果各不相同。在三个草原地带中的两个地块中，与对照地块相比，检测到的AMR指标较少，这表明草原地带可以潜在地降低这些风险。在一个也与流速增加有关的图中，尽管安装了草原地带，但我们观察到AMR指标增加。我们的观察结果强调，即使在同一场地内，也需要优先了解土壤性质。尽管我们表明草原地带可以潜在地降低AMR风险，但还需要进一步的研究来更好地了解降雨时间、土壤和凋落物特征的影响。
Abstract
Poultry litter is a valuable nutrient resource for agricultural production but is also a potential source for introducing antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and litter-associated bacteria (LAB) to the environment. Prairie strips have been demonstrated as an effective conservation practice to improve environmental quality in agroecosystems. This research aims to assess prairie strips’ potential for reducing the transport of LAB and ARGs in runoff after litter application. Plot-scale rainfall simulations were performed using a replicated block design, with soil and surface runoff samples taken during the rainfall event. Microbial taxa and ARGs were characterized in the litter, soil, and water samples. In plots with litter application, LAB and ARGs were mainly detected in runoff, with very low detection in soils. Detection of ARGs in runoff, irrespective of strip installations, is consistent with previous observations of litter as a source of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) risks. The effectiveness of prairie strips to remove LAB and ARGs varied. In two of the three prairie strip plots, fewer AMR indicators were detected relative to control plots, suggesting that the prairie strips can potentially reduce these risks. In one plot, which was also associated with increased flow rate, we observed increased AMR indicators despite the installation of a prairie strip. Our observations highlight the need to prioritize understanding of soil properties even within the same site. Although we show that prairie strips can potentially reduce AMR risks, further research is needed to better understand the influence of rainfall timing, soil, and litter characteristics.

https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jeq2.20333