摘要
      农业土壤中的抗生素耐药性是世界范围内一个重大的环境和健康挑战。为了最大限度地降低抗生素耐药性的风险，重要的是了解抗生素和抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs）的命运和传播机制，并开发有效的技术来最大限度地减少其负面影响。在这项工作中，我们回顾了最近关于不同农业实践在土壤中产生抗生素耐药性的研究。肥料和污水污泥的持续土地施用以及废水灌溉有助于提高土壤中的抗生素耐药性。还讨论了来自不同界面的抗生素耐药性的命运。特别介绍了ARGs在细菌之间传播的机制。有氧堆肥以及粪肥、污泥或废水的厌氧和好氧消化被发现是从源头减少农业土壤对抗生素耐药性的有效处理方法。此外，还提出了缓解土壤抗生素耐药性的策略，并概述了深入机理的研究方向，以阐明土壤处理过程中抗生素耐药性的衰减。尽管在理解土壤和人类健康之间抗生素耐药性的联系方面取得了很大进展，但它们之间的复杂相互作用仍有许多未知之处。
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance in agricultural soils is a significant environmental and health challenge worldwide. To minimize the risk of antibiotic resistance, it is important to understand the fate and spread mechanism of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and develop effective technologies to minimize their negative effects. In this work, we reviewed recent studies on the occurrence of antibiotic resistance in soil by different agricultural practices. The continuous land applications of manures and sewage sludge, and irrigation with wastewater contribute to the elevated antibiotic resistance in soil. The fate of antibiotic resistance from different interfaces are also discussed. In particular, the mechanisms of ARGs dissemination between bacteria are presented. Aerobic composting, and anaerobic and aerobic digestions of manure, sludge, or wastewater are found to be effective treatments to reduce antibiotic resistance into agricultural soils from the sources. Furthermore, strategies to alleviate antibiotic resistance in soil are proposed, and research directions on in-depth mechanisms are outlined to elucidate the antibiotic resistance decay in soil treatment processes. Although much progress has been made in understanding the links of antibiotic resistance between soil and human health, there are still many unknowns on the complex interactions between them.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10643389.2020.1835438