摘要
      动物产品可能以多种方式在产生和传播抗微生物耐药性方面发挥作用。一方面，畜牧业中未充分使用的抗生素残留物可以通过食物进入人体。然而，动物产品中也可能存在耐药性细菌，它们可以通过水平基因转移将抗微生物耐药性基因（ARG）转移到消费者体内的细菌。由于先前的研究表明，发酵食品具有有意义的ARG含量，这表明这些基因也可能存在于用作畜牧业大规模饲料的青贮饲料中。在我们的研究中，我们希望回答青贮饲料中出现的ARG是什么，它们具有什么流动性特征？为此，我们从鸟枪宏基因组下一代测序中对52个免费获得的深度测序青贮饲料样本进行了生物信息学分析。在样本中总共发生了54次16个完全匹配的ARG。这些ARG中有一半以上是可移动的，因为它们可以与整合的可移动遗传元件、原噬菌体或质粒连接。我们的研究结果表明，ARG在食物链中有一个被忽视但相当大的来源。
Abstract
Animal products may play a role in developing and spreading antimicrobial resistance in several ways. On the one hand, residues of antibiotics not adequately used in animal farming can enter the human body via food. However, resistant bacteria may also be present in animal products, which can transfer the antimicrobial resistance genes (ARG) to the bacteria in the consumer’s body by horizontal gene transfer. As previous studies have shown that fermented foods have a meaningful ARG content, it is indicated that such genes may also be present in silage used as mass feed in the cattle sector. In our study, we aspired to answer what ARGs occur in silage and what mobility characteristics they have? For this purpose, we have analyzed bioinformatically 52 freely available deep sequenced silage samples from shotgun metagenome next-generation sequencing. A total of 16 perfect matched ARGs occurred 54 times in the samples. More than half of these ARGs are mobile because they can be linked to integrative mobile genetic elements, prophages or plasmids. Our results point to a neglected but substantial ARG source in the food chain.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-09296-5