摘要
      高毒力肺炎克雷伯菌（hvKP）菌株具有独特的特征，如高粘粘度、独特的血清型和与高致病性相关的毒力因子。为了更好地了解分离的hvKP菌株的基因组特征和毒力谱，将基因组数据与高毒力和典型肺炎克雷伯菌菌株的基因组进行了比较。肺炎克雷伯菌菌株是从一名复发性尿路感染患者身上分离出来的，然后使用字符串测试来检测高粘液粘度表型。使用Illumina进行全基因组测序，并进行生物信息学分析以预测分离物抗性组、病毒群和系统发育分析。该分离物被鉴定为高粘、2型（K2）荚膜多糖、ST14和耐多药（MDR），对环丙沙星、头孢他啶、头孢噻肟、甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑、头孢氨苄和呋喃妥因表现出耐药性。该分离物具有四个抗微生物耐药性质粒（pKPN3-307_type B、pECW602、pMDR和p3K157），这些质粒携带抗微生物耐药性基因（ARGs）（blaOXA-1、blaCTX-M-15、sul2、APH（3〃）-Ib、APH（6）-Id和AAC（6′）-Ib-cr6）。此外，还鉴定了两种染色体介导的ARGs（fosA6和SHV-28）。病毒群预测显示存在19种菌毛蛋白，一种需氧菌素（iutA）和两种沙莫切林（iroE和iroN）。鉴定出四种分泌系统（T6SS-I（13）、T6SS-II（9）、T6SS III（12）和Sci-I T6SS（1））。有趣的是，该分离物缺乏已知的高粘蛋白调节因子（rmpA/rmpA2），但显示出其他RcsAB胶囊调节因子（rcsA和rcsB）的存在。这项研究记录了一种罕见的MDR-hvKP的存在，该药物具有高粘调节剂，缺乏常见的胶囊调节剂，这需要更多的关注来强调其流行病学作用。
Abstract
Hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKP) strains possess distinct characteristics such as hypermucoviscosity, unique serotypes, and virulence factors associated with high pathogenicity. To better understand the genomic characteristics and virulence profile of the isolated hvKP strain, genomic data were compared to the genomes of the hypervirulent and typical K. pneumoniae strains. The K. pneumoniae strain was isolated from a patient with a recurrent urinary tract infection, and then the string test was used for the detection of the hypermucoviscosity phenotype. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted using Illumina, and bioinformatics analysis was performed for the prediction of the isolate resistome, virulome, and phylogenetic analysis. The isolate was identified as hypermucoviscous, type 2 (K2) capsular polysaccharide, ST14, and multidrug-resistant (MDR), showing resistance to ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, cephalexin, and nitrofurantoin. The isolate possessed four antimicrobial resistance plasmids (pKPN3-307_type B, pECW602, pMDR, and p3K157) that carried antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) (blaOXA-1, blaCTX-M-15, sul2, APH(3″)-Ib, APH(6)-Id, and AAC(6′)-Ib-cr6). Moreover, two chromosomally mediated ARGs (fosA6 and SHV-28) were identified. Virulome prediction revealed the presence of 19 fimbrial proteins, one aerobactin (iutA) and two salmochelin (iroE and iroN). Four secretion systems (T6SS-I (13), T6SS-II (9), T6SS-III (12), and Sci-I T6SS (1)) were identified. Interestingly, the isolate lacked the known hypermucoviscous regulators (rmpA/rmpA2) but showed the presence of other RcsAB capsule regulators (rcsA and rcsB). This study documented the presence of a rare MDR hvKP with hypermucoviscous regulators and lacking the common capsule regulators, which needs more focus to highlight their epidemiological role.

https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/5/596