摘要
      在包括泰国在内的许多国家，抗生素耐药性被认为是一个严重的问题。AMR和抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs）可能在人类、动物和环境之间转移，对人类健康造成威胁。本研究描述了泰国东北部上游Namsuay流域地表水、废水和排放水中大肠杆菌（E.coli）的抗生素耐药性。水样是在旱季和雨季采集的。113个大肠杆菌分离株通过聚合酶链式反应得到证实，并检查了它们的抗生素敏感性、ARGs和遗传关系。结果表明，大肠杆菌对以下几类抗生素具有耐药性：氟喹诺酮、第三代头孢菌素、多粘菌素和碳青霉烯。分离株携带mcr-1、mcr-8、mcr-9、blaoxa-48样、aac（6′）-bl-cr、qepA和oqxAB基因。系统发育群B1是本研究中大肠杆菌中的主要类群。此外，与其他水样来源相比，从排放水中（医院和渔场）分离的大肠杆菌具有更高的抗生素耐药性，并含有更多的ARGs。天然水源中抗生素耐药性大肠杆菌和ARG污染的存在反映了AMR管理问题，这可能会推动关于积极监测和预防AMR污染的战略政策。
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is considered a serious problem in many countries, including Thailand. AMR and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) could transfer between humans, animals, and the environment causing a threat to human health. This study described the antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli (E. coli) from surface water, wastewater, and discharge water in the Namsuay watershed in upper northeast Thailand. The water samples were collected in the dry and wet seasons. The 113 E. coli isolates were confirmed using a polymerase chain reaction and examined for their antibiotic susceptibility, ARGs, and genetic relationship. The results indicated that E. coli was resistant to the following classes of antibiotics: fluoroquinolone, third-generation cephalosporin, polymyxin, and carbapenem. The isolates carried the mcr-1, mcr-8, mcr-9, blaoxa-48-like, aac(6′)-bl-cr, qepA, and oqxAB genes. Phylogroup B1 was a predominant group among the E. coli in the study. In addition, the E. coli isolates from the discharge water (a hospital and a fish farm) had a higher prevalence of antibiotic resistance and harboured more ARGs than the other water sample sources. The presence of antibiotic-resistant E. coli and ARG contamination in the natural water source reflected an AMR management issue that could drive strategic policy regarding the active surveillance and prevention of AMR contamination.

https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/12/1760