摘要
      北极高地的Kongsfjorden是一个典型的北极峡湾，经历了来自偏远和当地资源的营养物质和污染物的长期输入，为表征抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的多样性和分布提供了一个平台。然而，在这个原始的海洋系统中，微生物组和抗生素耐药性并没有得到很好的记录。本研究旨在通过宏基因组分析来表征Kongsfjorden海水（12个样本）和沉积物（13个样本）中细菌群落和相关ARGs的多样性和分布。就细菌群落组成和ARG剖面而言，海水与沉积物明显不同。在北极海水和沉积物中只检测到29种ARG亚型。此外，三个地球化学因素（即经度、深度和PO43−）极大地影响了沉积物样品中的细菌群落，而经度、深度、纬度是影响沉积物样品ARG剖面的关键地球化学因素。Procrustes分析显示，海水和沉积物样本中的细菌群落组成与ARG谱之间存在显著相关性。进一步的分析揭示了具有ARG亚型的宏基因组组装基因组（MAGs）。总的来说，我们的研究深入了解了原始北极峡湾的微生物组和耐药性，从而为环境管理提供了重要信息。
Abstract
Kongsfjorden in the high Arctic, a typical Arctic fjord, experienced long-time input of nutrients and pollutants from the remote and local resources, providing a platform for characterizing the diversity and distribution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, the microbiome and antibiotic resistome in this pristine marine system have not been well documented. The present study aimed to characterize the diversity and distribution of bacterial communities and associated ARGs in seawater (12 samples) and sediments (13 samples) of Kongsfjorden via metagenomic analysis. In terms of both bacterial community compositions and ARG profiles, the seawater was significantly distinct from sediment. Only 29 ARG subtypes were detected in the Arctic seawater and sediments. Furthermore, three geochemical factors (i.e., longitude, depth, and PO43−) greatly influenced the bacterial communities in sediment samples, while longitude, depth, and latitude were crucial geochemical factors influencing the ARG profiles in sediment samples. Procrustes analysis revealed a significant correlation between bacterial community compositions and ARG profiles in seawater and sediment samples. Further analysis revealed the metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) with ARG subtypes. Overall, our study provides insights into the microbiome and resistome in a pristine Arctic fjord, thereby providing vital information for environmental management.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969721070133