摘要
      抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs）在各种环境中的出现由于其潜在的风险而引起了全世界的关注。先前的研究报告称，多种物质可以促进ARGs的发生和传播。然而，很少有研究比较ARGs在生物废水处理系统中不同有机物胁迫下的反应。在本研究中，将七种有机污染物添加到废水处理生物反应器中，以研究它们对活性污泥中ARG发生的影响。基于高通量测序，发现暴露于这些有机污染物的活性污泥中的微生物群落和ARG模式发生了显著变化。与非抗生素难治性有机物相比，抗生素不仅增加了ARG的丰度，而且显著改变了ARG组成。携带ARG的革兰氏阴性菌（如Archangium、Prosthecobacter和Dokdonella）的增加可能是ARG增殖的主要原因。此外，在污泥样品中还观察到ARG和可移动遗传元素之间的显著共生关系，这也可能影响生物反应器中有机物处理过程中ARG的多样性和丰度。总的来说，这些发现为更好地了解废水处理系统中有机污染物引起的ARG的发生和传播提供了新的信息。
Abstract
The occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in various environments has drawn worldwide attention due to their potential risks. Previous studies have reported that a variety of substances can enhance the occurrence and dissemination of ARGs. However, few studies have compared the response of ARGs under the stress of different organic matters in biological wastewater treatment systems. In this study, seven organic pollutants were added into wastewater treatment bioreactors to investigate their impacts on the ARG occurrence in activated sludge. Based on high-throughput sequencing, it was found that the microbial communities and ARG patterns were significantly changed in the activated sludge exposed to these organic pollutants. Compared with the non-antibiotic refractory organic matters, antibiotics not only increased the abundance of ARGs but also significantly changed the ARG compositions. The increase of Gram-negative bacteria (e.g., Archangium, Prosthecobacter and Dokdonella) carrying ARGs could be the main cause of ARG proliferation. In addition, significant co-occurrence relationships between ARGs and mobile genetic elements were also observed in the sludge samples, which may also affect the ARG diversity and abundance during the organic matter treatment in the bioreactors. Overall, these findings provide new information for better understanding the ARG occurrence and dissemination caused by organic pollutants in wastewater treatment systems.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1001074222001930