摘要
      海水养殖废水因其对沿海环境和水产养殖做法的可持续性的潜在影响而引起人们的极大关注。在本研究中，构建了与微生物燃料电池（CW-MFC）相结合的人工湿地，以评估其处理被抗生素磺胺嘧啶（SDZ）污染的海水养殖废水的能力。结果表明，开路和闭路CW MFC（R1和R2）对NH4+-N、总无机氮（TIN）、化学需氧量（COD）和总磷（TP）的去除效率相当。与不含SDZ的R3相比，R2对NH4+-N和TP的去除效率较低，并且还表现出抑制发电的作用。闭路模式下的R2在去除SDZ方面比开路模式下的R1更有效。然而，R2在阳极区和阴极流出物中的抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的相对丰度也高于R1，这表明闭路CW-MFC系统在控制ARGs方面不如开路系统。高通量测序分析表明，SDZ的存在和处于闭路模式都增加了微生物群落的多样性，这反过来又导致SDZ的去除效率和系统发电能力的变化。三种ARG在门水平上的潜在宿主主要来自变形菌门、脱硫菌门、Patescibacteria、厚壁菌门、放线菌门和螺旋体。值得注意的是，脱硫菌中与硫转化相关的一些属与ARGs呈强正相关。本研究有助于扩大CW MFC在抗生素污染海水养殖废水处理中的应用。
Abstract
Mariculture wastewater has raised great concerns owing to its potential impact on the sustainability of coastal environments and aquaculture practices. In this study, constructed wetlands coupled with microbial fuel cells (CW-MFCs) were constructed to evaluate their ability to treat mariculture wastewater that has been contaminated with antibiotic sulfadiazine (SDZ). The results showed that both open- and closed-circuit CW-MFCs (R1 and R2) had comparable removal efficiencies for NH4+-N, total inorganic nitrogen (TIN), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total phosphorus (TP). Compared with R3, which had no SDZ, R2 was less efficient at removing NH4+-N and TP, and also presented inhibited electricity generation. R2 in closed-circuit mode was more efficient at removing SDZ than R1 in open-circuit mode. However, R2 also had a higher relative abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the anode region and cathode effluent than R1, indicating that the closed-circuit CW-MFC system was inferior to the open-circuit system in controlling ARGs. High-throughput sequencing analysis suggested that the presence of SDZ and being in closed-circuit mode both increased the diversity of the microbial community, which in turn led to changes in the removal efficiency of SDZ and the system’s ability to generate electricity. The potential hosts of the three ARGs at the phylum level were mainly from Proteobacteria, Desulfobacterota, Patescibacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, and Spirochaetota. Notably, some genera related to sulfur transformation in Desulfobacterota showed strong positive correlations with ARGs. This study is beneficial to expand the application of CW-MFCs in the treatment of antibiotic-contaminated mariculture wastewater.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957582022009740