摘要
      堆肥是处理农村地区多种可生物降解有机废物的一种重要分散技术。然而，与工业堆肥（即时间和温度协议）相比，农村堆肥的控制效果较差，需要确定这些堆肥中抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的风险。我们对ARGs以及原核生物和真核生物进行了定量测定，以研究从农村地区收集的堆肥的固体和水提取物中的液固浸出率以及ARGs与微生物群落之间的关系。我们观察到高水平的磺酰胺类耐药性基因和四环素类耐药性基因（10−4−10−2拷贝/16S拷贝）。Tet-C和Tet-X在固相和液相具有复杂宿主的农村有机废物堆肥中表现出最强的浸出潜力。这项研究表明，堆肥固体和水提取物中的ARG丰度很高，这突出了堆肥ARG在露天储存和现场应用期间暴露于径流或地下水时的浸出风险。
Abstract
Composting is an important decentralized technology for treating multiple biodegradable organic wastes in rural areas. However, compared to industrial composting (i.e., time and temperature protocols), rural composting is less well-controlled, and the risk of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in these composts needs to be determined. We performed a quantitative determination of ARGs and both prokaryotes and eukaryotes to investigate the liquid-solid leaching ratio and the relationship between ARGs and microbial communities in solid and water extracts of composts collected from rural areas. We observed a high level of sulfonamides resistance genes and tetracyclines resistance genes (10−4−10−2 copies/16S copies). Tet-C and tet-X show the strongest leaching potential in rural organic waste composts with complex hosts in solid and liquid phases. This study showed high ARG abundances in compost solid and water extracts, highlighting the leaching risk of compost ARGs when exposed to runoff or groundwater during open storage and field application.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0269749123001100