摘要
      由于抗生素耐药性细菌的出现，选择合适的抗生素来治疗细菌感染变得更加具有挑战性。氨基糖苷类抗生素作为一种广谱抗生素，在临床上的应用越来越多；然而，为了最有效地使用氨基糖苷类药物，需要全面了解氨基糖苷类耐药基因的流行和传播。因此，为了更好地了解氨基糖苷类抗生素的全球耐药性状况以及抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs）在各种细菌中的流行情况，本系统综述从多项研究中收集了相关数据。评估了氨基糖苷酶修饰和16S rRNA甲基化的两种主要耐药机制，并描述了相应ARGs的患病率。氨基糖苷类ARGs与其他ARGs的共存也得到了证明，氨基糖苷类ARGs与抗性表型之间的关系也是如此。缺乏有效的治疗剂来对抗耐药病原体对公众健康构成了真正的威胁。氨基糖苷类与其他抗生素的组合可能提供一种新的治疗策略。
Abstract
Choosing the appropriate antibiotics to treat bacterial infections has grown more challenging as a result of the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Aminoglycosides, as broad-spectrum antibiotics, are increasingly being used clinically; however, for most effective employment of aminoglycosides, a comprehensive understanding of aminoglycoside resistance genes’ prevalence and dissemination is required. Therefore, to better understand the global resistance status of aminoglycoside antibiotics and the prevalence of antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) in various bacterial species, this systematic review gathered relevant data from multiple studies. Two primary resistance mechanisms—aminoglycoside enzymatic modification and 16S rRNA methylation—were assessed, and the prevalence of the corresponding ARGs was described. The coexistence of aminoglycoside ARGs with other ARGs was also demonstrated, as was the relationship between aminoglycoside ARGs and resistant phenotypes. The lack of effective therapeutic agents to combat resistant pathogens presents a real threat to public health. The combination of aminoglycosides with other antibiotics may provide a novel treatment strategy.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590053623000010