摘要
      废水中的抗生素是一个日益严重的环境问题。处方率和消费率的增加导致抗生素废水浓度升高。传统的废水处理方法在去除抗生素方面往往是无效的。鉴于抗生素和相关抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）的环境风险，寻找改善废水中抗生素去除的方法至关重要。越来越多的研究探索了通过人工湿地促进废水中抗生素的植物修复。为了评估人工湿地内植物和微生物对主要抗生素类的特定抗生素的去除效率和处理机制，本综述论文考虑并评估了最新发表的关于实验室和中试规模人工湿地的研究数据，以及全面的人工湿地抗生素修复。此外，还考虑了微生物和酶促抗生素降解、抗生素ARG相关性以及植物对ARG的影响。本综述得出的结论是，植物容易吸收磺酰胺、大环内酯、四环素和氟喹诺酮类抗生素，人工湿地是一种有效的植物修复策略，通过微生物生物降解、根系吸附、植物吸收、迁移和代谢机制从废水中去除抗生素。需要更多的研究来更好地了解植物对微生物群落和ARGs的影响。本文综合了信息，有助于指导人工湿地在抗生素植物修复和废水处理领域的未来研究和应用。
Abstract
Antibiotics in wastewater are a growing environmental concern. Increased prescription and consumption rates have resulted in higher antibiotic wastewater concentration. Conventional wastewater treatment methods are often ineffective at antibiotic removal. Given the environmental risk of antibiotics and associated antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs), finding methods of improving antibiotic removal from wastewater is of great importance. Phytoremediation of antibiotics in wastewater, facilitated through constructed wetlands, has been explored in a growing number of studies. To assess the removal efficiency and treatment mechanisms of plants and microorganisms within constructed wetlands for specific antibiotics of major antibiotic classes, the present review paper considered and evaluated data from the most recent published research on the topics of bench scale hydroponic, lab and pilot scale constructed wetland, and full scale constructed wetland antibiotic remediation. Additionally, microbial and enzymatic antibiotic degradation, antibiotic-ARG correlation, and plant effect on ARGs were considered. It is concluded from the present review that plants readily uptake sulfonamide, macrolide, tetracycline, and fluoroquinolone antibiotics and that constructed wetlands are an effective applied phytoremediation strategy for the removal of antibiotics from wastewater through the mechanisms of microbial biodegradation, root sorption, plant uptake, translocation, and metabolization. More research is needed to better understand the effect of plants on microbial community and ARGs. This paper serves as a synthesis of information that will help guide future research and applied use of constructed wetlands in the field antibiotic phytoremediation and wastewater treatment.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969723004916