摘要
      本研究采用16S rRNA基因扩增子测序技术，探讨了南沙区珠江口不同土地利用类型（如养殖区、工业区、旅游区、农业种植区和居民区）水环境中微生物的多样性和差异。同时，在不同功能区的水样中探索了抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）和微塑料（MP）这两种新出现的环境污染物的数量、类型、丰度和分布。结果表明，五个功能区的优势门为变形菌门、放线菌门和拟杆菌门，优势属为Hydrogenophaga属、聚球藻属、Limnohabitans属和聚核杆菌属。在这五个区域共检测到248种ARG亚型，属于9类ARG（氨基糖苷类、β-内酰胺酶类、氯类、MGEs类、MLSB类、多药类、Sul类、Tet类、Van类）。蓝色和白色是五个区域的主要MP颜色；0.5–2毫米是主要的MP尺寸，纤维素、人造丝和聚酯在塑料聚合物中所占比例最高。这项研究为了解河口环境微生物的分布以及预防ARGs和微塑料对环境健康的风险提供了基础。
Abstract
In this study, the 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing technique was used to explore the microbial diversity and differences in the water environment of the Pearl River Estuary in Nansha District with various land use types such as the aquaculture area, industrial area, tourist area, agricultural plantation, and residential area. At the same time, the quantity, type, abundance, and distribution of two types of emerging environmental pollutants, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and microplastics (MPs), are explored in the water samples from different functional areas. The results show that the dominant phyla in the five functional regions are Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes, and the dominant genera are Hydrogenophaga, Synechococcus, Limnohabitans and Polynucleobacter. A total of 248 ARG subtypes were detected in the five regions, belonging to nine classes of ARGs (Aminoglycoside, Beta_Lactamase, Chlor, MGEs, MLSB, Multidrug, Sul, Tet, Van). Blue and white were the dominant MP colors in the five regions; 0.5–2 mm was the dominant MP size, and cellulose, rayon, and polyester comprised the highest proportion of the plastic polymers. This study provides the basis for understanding the environmental microbial distribution in estuaries and the prevention of environmental health risks from ARGs and microplastics.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S004565352300752X