摘要
      塑性圈是一个新的生态位。与周围的水相比，已知与质体相关的微生物群落组成因功能后果而不同。在这里，这项研究描述了河口栖息地中与四种类型的塑料层（聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯和聚氯乙烯）相关的细菌和真菌群落；评估了包括碳、氮、磷和硫循环在内的生态功能，并确定了抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）和人类病原体的存在。随机过程主导了微生物在质体上的群落聚集。与营养循环相关的几个功能属在质体中富集。与周围的水和其他塑料层相比，聚氯乙烯塑料层中碳、氮、磷循环基因（cdaR、nosZ和chpy等）和ARGs（aadA2–1、cfa和catB8等）的丰度显著增加。相反，聚苯乙烯塑料球是富集有例如蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫18S rRNA、肺炎克雷伯菌phoE和军团菌属的几种病原体的优选底物。23S rRNA。总体而言，本研究表明，不同的塑料层对河口的生态功能和健康风险有不同的影响，并强调了控制河口塑料污染的重要性。这项研究的数据支持了旨在减少塑料污染的全球政策驱动因素，并为人类世新生态位中的生态功能提供了见解。
Abstract
The plastisphere is a new ecological niche. Compared to the surrounding water, microbial community composition associated with the plastisphere is known to differ with functional consequences. Here, this study characterized the bacterial and fungal communities associated with four types of plastisphere (polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride) in an estuarine habitat; assessed ecological functions including carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur cycling, and determined the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and human pathogens. Stochastic processes dominated the community assembly of microorganisms on the plastisphere. Several functional genera related to nutrient cycling were enriched in the plastisphere. Compared to surrounding water and other plastisphere, the abundances of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling genes (cdaR, nosZ and chpy etc.) and ARGs (aadA2–1, cfa and catB8 etc.) were significantly increased in polyvinyl chloride plastisphere. In contrast, the polystyrene plastisphere was the preferred substrate for several pathogens being enriched with for example, Giardia lamblia 18S rRNA, Klebsiella pneumoniae phoE and Legionella spp. 23S rRNA. Overall, this study showed that different plastisphere had different effects on ecological functions and health risk in estuaries and emphasizes the importance of controlling plastic pollution in estuaries. Data from this study support global policy drivers that seek to reduce plastic pollution and offer insights into ecological functions in a new ecological niche of the Anthropocene.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969722084261