摘要
      细菌耐药性的蔓延已对全球公众健康构成严重威胁。在这里，我们介绍了细菌对当前抗菌药物的耐药性，包括传统草药、传统抗生素和抗菌肽。我们总结了细菌耐药性对全球健康的影响及其经济负担，同时强调了细菌产生的耐药性机制。基于“一个健康”的概念，我们提出了对抗细菌耐药性的4A策略，包括谨慎使用抗菌剂、给药、分析和抗生素替代品。最后，我们确定了一些机会和未解决的问题，这些问题值得未来探索对抗细菌耐药性，例如通过使用更有效的技术预测遗传细菌耐药性，调查细菌耐药性的遗传决定因素和抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs）的传播动力学。
Abstract
The spread of bacterial drug resistance has posed a severe threat to public health globally. Here, we cover bacterial resistance to current antibacterial drugs, including traditional herbal medicines, conventional antibiotics, and antimicrobial peptides. We summarize the influence of bacterial drug resistance on global health and its economic burden while highlighting the resistance mechanisms developed by bacteria. Based on the One Health concept, we propose 4A strategies to combat bacterial resistance, including prudent Application of antibacterial agents, Administration, Assays, and Alternatives to antibiotics. Finally, we identify several opportunities and unsolved questions warranting future exploration for combating bacterial resistance, such as predicting genetic bacterial resistance through the use of more effective techniques, surveying both genetic determinants of bacterial resistance and the transmission dynamics of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs).

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969722075635