摘要
      抗生素抑制引起的挥发性脂肪酸（VFAs）的积累显著降低了磺胺甲恶唑（SMX）废水的处理效率。很少有研究研究细胞外呼吸细菌（ERB）和氢营养产甲烷菌（HM）在高浓度磺酰胺类抗生素（SA）作用下的VFAs梯度代谢。铁改性生物炭对抗生素的影响尚不清楚。在此，将铁改性生物炭加入厌氧折流板反应器（ABR）中，以加强SMX制药废水的厌氧消化。结果表明，添加铁改性生物炭后，ERB和HM得到了发展，促进了丁酸、丙酸和乙酸的降解。VFAs含量从1166.0 mg L−1降至291.5 mg L−1。因此，化学需氧量（COD）和SMX的去除效率分别提高了22.76%和36.51%，甲烷产量提高了6.19倍。此外，废水中的抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）如sul1、sul2、intl1分别降低了39.31%、43.33%、44.11%。增强后，AUTHM297（18.07%）、甲烷杆菌（16.05%）、地杆菌（6.05%）富集。增强后的净能量为0.7122 kWh m−3。这些结果证实，铁改性生物炭富集了ERB和HM，从而实现了SMX废水的高效处理。
Abstract
The accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) caused by antibiotic inhibition significantly reduces the treatment efficiency of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) wastewater. Few studies have been conducted to study the VFAs gradient metabolism of extracellular respiratory bacteria (ERB) and hydrogenotrophic methanogen (HM) under high-concentration sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs). And the effects of iron-modified biochar on antibiotics are unknown. Here, the iron-modified biochar was added to an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) to intensify the anaerobic digestion of SMX pharmaceutical wastewater. The results demonstrated that ERB and HM were developed after adding iron-modified biochar, promoting the degradation of butyric, propionic and acetic acids. The content of VFAs reduced from 1166.0 mg L−1 to 291.5 mg L−1. Therefore, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and SMX removal efficiency were improved by 22.76% and 36.51%, and methane production was enhanced by 6.19 times. Furthermore, the antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) such as sul1, sul2, intl1 in effluent were decreased by 39.31%, 43.33%, 44.11%. AUTHM297 (18.07%), Methanobacterium (16.05%), Geobacter (6.05%) were enriched after enhancement. The net energy after enhancement was 0.7122 kWh m−3. These results confirmed that ERB and HM were enriched via iron-modified biochar to achieve high efficiency of SMX wastewater treatment.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389423005964