摘要
      本研究的目的是通过在韩国流通水产养殖废水中寻找固体废物来调查抗生素抗性基因（ARG）的减少。滤液中悬浮固体的含量约为12.5±2.3mg / L，相当于去除效率为68.8±5.7％，与过滤孔的尺寸变化无关。使用25μm的过滤器孔径，流出物中的颗粒总数减少到最低数量的颗粒，对应于40.3％的去除效率。在23个ARGs中，四环素耐药，β-内酰胺类抗生素，磺胺类药物，喹诺酮类药物，大环内酯类药物，氟苯尼考和多药耐药基因是最常见的，相对丰度为67.5％。在分析的11个四环素抗性基因（tetA，tetB，tetD，tetE，tetG，tetH，tetM，tetQ，tetX，tetZ，tetB / P）中，tetG的相对丰度在流出物中最高。颗粒总数的去除效率与ARG的去除效率相似，取决于过滤孔的大小。滤液中ARGs的含量降低至排出物中ARG的约60.5％。过滤器孔径为25μm时，最大去除率达到66.0％。特别是，检测到的四环素抗性基因的相对丰度仅在通过滤器后才减少，这可能反映了养鱼场颗粒中存在大量四环素抗性基因。使用基于16S rRNA基因的Illumina测序，发现主要门是流出物中的拟杆菌属，变形杆菌属，扁平苔藓菌和Verrucomicrobia菌。虽然细菌群落的总体组成没有通过过滤测试显着改变，但是只有相对丰度的拟杆菌和变形杆菌被改变。这些结果表明，水产养殖设施中的过滤过程可用于减少固体废弃物以及水产养殖场的ARGs。

The objective of this study was to investigate reduction in antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) via targeting solid waste in effluent from a flow-through aquaculture in South Korea. The level of suspended solids in the filtrates was approximately 12.5 ± 2.3 mg/L, corresponding to a removal efficiency of 68.8 ± 5.7% irrespective of variations in the size of the filter pores. The total number of particles in the effluent was reduced to the lowest numbers of particles using a filter pore size of 25 μm, corresponding to a removal efficiency of 40.3%. Among the 23 ARGs conferring resistance to tetracyclines, beta-lactam antibiotics, sulfonamides, quinolones, macrolides, florfenicol and multidrug, tetracycline resistance genes were the most prevalent with a relative abundance of 67.5%. Of eleven tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetB, tetD, tetE, tetG, tetH, tetM, tetQ, tetX, tetZ, tetB/P) analyzed, the relative abundance of tetG was the highest in the effluent. The removal efficiency of the total number of particles showed similar patterns to the removal efficiency of ARGs depending on the size of the filter pores. Levels of ARGs in the filtrates were reduced to approximately 60.5% of those of the ARGs in the effluents. With a filter pore size of 25 μm, a maximum removal efficiency of 66.0% was achieved. In particular, the relative abundance of detected tetracycline resistance genes decreased only after passing through the filters, perhaps reflecting the presence of high quantities of tetracycline resistance genes in particles from the fish farm. Using Illumina sequencing based on a 16S rRNA gene, the dominant phyla were found to be Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes and Verrucomicrobia in the effluent. Although the overall composition of the bacterial communities was not significantly changed via filtering tests, only the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteriawas changed. These results demonstrate that a filtering process in aquaculture facilities can be used to reduce solid waste as well as ARGs from aquaculture farms.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969717326311