摘要

苍蝇可以是沙门氏菌从牛到人的传播媒介。本研究确定了美国佐治亚州33个牛场（包括5个牛肉场和28个奶牛场）捕获的苍蝇中沙门氏菌的流行情况，并分析了沙门氏菌的抗生素耐药谱。在这项研究中，33个养牛场中有26个（79％）和1650个果蝇中的185个（11％）检测出沙门氏菌阳性。沙门氏菌阳性蝇的发病率从农场到农场各不相同，范围从0到78％不等。从苍蝇中分离出的185种沙门氏菌中，29％对氨苄西林耐药，28％对四环素，21％对阿莫西林/克拉维酸，20％对头孢西丁，12％对链霉素。对其他测试抗生素耐药的发生率很低，范围从0到3％。此外，28％的沙门氏菌分离株具有多重耐药性，表现出对3种或更多种抗生素的耐药性。氨苄青霉素，头孢西丁，链霉素和四环素对沙门氏菌分离株的最小抑制浓度范围分别为32至> 2048,64至2048,128至1024和32至1024μg/ mL。这些数据表明苍蝇可能是传播耐抗生素沙门氏菌和在牛场传播抗生素抗性基因的有效载体，对人类和动物健康构成风险。

Flies can be transmission vehicles of Salmonella from cattle to humans. This study determined the prevalence of Salmonella in/on flies captured from 33 cattle farms, including 5 beef and 28 dairy farms, in Georgia, USA, and characterized antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolated Salmonella. Twenty-six out of the 33 cattle farms (79%) and 185 out of the 1650 flies (11%) tested positive for Salmonella in the study. The incidence of Salmonella-positive flies varied from farm to farm, ranging from 0 to 78%. Among the 185 Salmonella isolated from flies, 29% were resistant to ampicillin, 28% to tetracycline, 21% to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, 20% to cefoxitin, and 12% to streptomycin. Incidences of resistance against other tested antibiotics were low, ranging from 0 to 3%. Furthermore, 28% of the Salmonella isolates were multidrug resistant, demonstrating resistance to 3 or more antibiotics. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of ampicillin, cefoxitin, streptomycin, and tetracycline against the Salmonella isolates ranged from 32 to > 2048, 64 to 2048, 128 to 1024, and 32 to 1024 μg/mL, respectively. These data suggest that flies could be effective vehicles of transmitting antibiotic resistant Salmonella and disseminating antibiotic resistance genes on cattle farms, posing risks to human and animal health.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969717330425