摘要
      人类和伴侣动物之间的亲密关系导致了人类抗微生物耐药性的一个独特而关键的方面。然而，对伴侣动物及其主人之间的抗微生物耐药性缺乏全面的分析。在这里，我们选择了13只宠物狗和16只主人以及22只犬舍狗，分析宠物狗和主人之间的亲密关系对它们的肠道微生物组、抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs）和移动遗传元件（MGE）的影响，并通过宏基因组学研究狗和主人在家庭中的抗生素耐药性的相关性。狗肠道微生物群的ARG丰度和多样性较高，而主人的分类学多样性较高。在主人的狗肠道微生物群落中，ARG和MGE的组成与主人的肠道微生物群相比明显更相似。从家庭的角度来看，狗和主人之间的大环内酯类耐药性基因之间存在很强的相关性。总之，我们的研究证明了ARGs在整个社区水平上与狗及其主人之间的相关性。这些发现可以提醒伴侣动物使用抗生素，这意味着可能存在抗微生物耐药性并威胁公众健康。
Abstract
The intimate relationship between humans and companion animals causes a unique and critical aspect of antimicrobial resistance in humans. However, a comprehensive analysis of antimicrobial resistance between companion animals and their owners is lacking. Here, we chose 13 owned dogs and 16 owners as well as 22 kennel dogs to analyze the effect of an intimate relationship between owned dogs and owners on their gut microbiome, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and study the correlation of antimicrobial resistance between dogs and their owners in families by metagenomics. Dog gut microbiota had a higher abundance and diversity of ARGs while owners had a higher diversity of taxonomy. In the owned dog gut microbial community, ARG and MGE compositions were significantly more similar to the owner's gut microbiota than those of others. From the perspective of families, there was a strong correlation between macrolide resistance genes between dogs and their owners. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the correlation of ARGs between dogs and their owners at a community-wide level. These findings can alarm the use of antibiotics in companion animals, which implies the potential to harbor antimicrobial resistance and threaten public health.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/imt2.21