摘要
抽象图像
抗性体在自然环境中无处不在。先前的研究表明，植物叶层线虫和土传线虫分别是地上和地下抗性体的宿主。然而，植物特性对土壤、线虫和叶层抗性的影响尚不清楚。在这里，使用微观实验来探索与六种不同植物身份（Lactuca sativa、Cichorium endivia、Allium瘘管、Coriandrum sativum、Raphanus sativus和Mesembrianthemum crystinenum）相关的土壤、线虫和叶层中细菌群落和抗性体的特征。通过高通量定量PCR从所有样本中检测到222个抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）和7个可移动遗传元件（MGE）。植物同一性不仅显著影响土壤、线虫和叶层中抗性体的多样性，而且影响线虫中抗药性体的丰度。共有的细菌和抗性体表明抗性体可能通过土壤-线虫-叶层系统转移。结构方程模型表明，植物同一性对叶层ARGs没有直接影响，但通过复杂的地上和地下相互作用（土壤-植物-线虫的营养转移）间接改变。结果还表明，细菌和MGE是驱动抵抗体地上和地下流动的关键因素。这项研究扩展了我们对耐药性自上而下和自下而上扩散模式的了解。
Abstract
Abstract Image
Resistomes are ubiquitous in natural environments. Previous studies have shown that both the plant phyllosphere and soil-borne nematodes were reservoirs of above- and below-ground resistomes, respectively. However, the influence of plant identity on soil, nematode, and phyllosphere resistomes remains unclear. Here, a microcosm experiment was used to explore the characteristics of bacterial communities and resistomes in soil, nematode, and phyllosphere associated with six different plant identities (Lactuca sativa, Cichorium endivia, Allium fistulosum, Coriandrum sativum, Raphanus sativus, and Mesembryanthemum crystallinum). A total of 222 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and 7 mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were detected by high-throughput quantitative PCR from all samples. Plant identity not only significantly affected the diversity of resistomes in soil, nematode, and phyllosphere but also influenced the abundance of resistomes in nematodes. Shared bacteria and resistomes indicated a possible pathway of resistomes transfer through the soil–nematode–phyllosphere system. Structural equation models revealed that plant identity had no direct effect on phyllosphere ARGs, but altered indirectly through complex above- and below-ground interactions (soil-plant-nematode trophic transfer). Results also showed that bacteria and MGEs were key factors driving the above- and below-ground flow of resistomes. The study extends our knowledge about the top-down and bottom-up dispersal patterns of resistomes.

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.1c08733