摘要
      抗生素耐药性细菌（ARB）和抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs）是新出现的污染物，导致严重的全球健康问题。氯化是一种广泛使用的方法，近年来被广泛探索为去除ARB和ARGs的主要方法之一。在本研究中，为了丰富氯化分析，探讨了氯消毒系统对ARB及其偶联转移能力的几种综合影响。结果表明，低剂量的氯（<3-log灭活率）对细菌的结合转移能力和抗生素耐药性几乎没有影响。高剂量的氯（>3-log失活率）触发了细胞膜的变化，对细菌的抗生素耐药性几乎没有影响。然而，他们的配偶转移能力急剧下降。在消毒系统中使用一定剂量的氯时，氯霉素的消耗量很小。一氯乙腈（MCAN）对偶联转移频率的影响有限，表明MCAN的存在不会加剧偶联转移引起的ARGs的传播。不同容器的氯消毒系统对抗生素耐药性的总体影响需要进一步研究。
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are emerging contaminants leading to severe worldwide health problems. Chlorination, a widely used procedure, was extensively explored as one of the main methods to remove ARB and ARGs in recent years. In this study, to enrich the analyses of chlorination, several comprehensive effects of the chlorine disinfection system on ARB and their conjugative transfer ability were explored. The results presented that the low dose of chlorine (<3-log inactivation rate) had little influence on the survival of bacteria in terms of their capacity for conjugative transfer and antibiotic resistance. The high dose of chlorine (>3-log inactivation rate) triggered cell membrane changes, with little influence on the bacteria in terms of their antibiotic resistance. However, their capacity for conjugative transfer sharply decreased. Minor consumption of chloramphenicol was achieved with the chlorine dose applied in the disinfection system. Monochloroacetonitrile (MCAN) had limited effects on the frequency of conjugative transfer, indicating that the existence of MCAN would not aggravate the dissemination of ARGs by conjugative transfer. The overall impacts of the chlorine disinfection system with different containments on antibiotic resistance need further investigation.

https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/19/3009