摘要
      城市污水处理厂废水（MWWTPE）含有数千种抗性菌株，这些菌株携带许多基因及其变体。避免这些污染物扩散到环境中是一个公共卫生问题。尽管太阳能光电芬顿已被证明是控制MWWTPE抗微生物耐药性的有效补充方法，但在光电芬顿处理中使用过硫酸盐（PS）作为氧化剂来消除抗微生物耐药性细菌和基因的研究仍然不足。本研究旨在研究PS介导的太阳光Fenton（太阳能/Fe2+/S2O82−）和联合氧化剂系统（太阳能/Fe2+/H2O2+S2O82−）从MWWTPE中去除ARB和ARG。Solar/Fe2+/S2O82−达到了微生物群落的最低丰富度和多样性，同时有效地去除了MWWTPE中最初存在的主要门（88%的变形菌门、99%的拟杆菌门和完全去除Chloflexis），44%的总ARGs去除率和99%的结核分枝杆菌去除率。然而，它使厚壁菌门的丰度增加了35倍。因此，研究与这一群体有关的容忍机制至关重要。相反，联合氧化剂系统对MWWTPE中最初存在的微生物群落的α多样性没有显著影响（p值>0.1），因此对ARB的消除效率不如太阳能/Fe2+/S2O82−。这是意料之中的，因为该系统中的共发生反应应导致更高数量的反应性自由基（SO4•−和HO•）。此外，它还导致厚壁菌门（>8倍）和变形菌门（>2倍）的阳性选择。尽管如此，组合的氧化剂系统导致了总的DNA断裂。因此，重要的是促进对复合氧化剂系统中细菌失活和DNA损伤机制的进一步研究。
Abstract
Municipal wastewater treatment plant effluent (MWWTPE) contains thousands of resistant strains which carry numerous genes and their variants. Avoiding the spread of these contaminants to the environment is a public health concern. Although solar photo-Fenton has been proved an effective complementary method for the control of antimicrobial resistance in MWWTPE, the use of persulfate (PS) as an oxidant for the elimination of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and genes in the photo-Fenton treatment is still underexplored. This study aimed to investigate PS-mediated solar photo-Fenton (solar/Fe2+/S2O82−), and a combined oxidant system (solar/Fe2+/H2O2 + S2O82−) for the removal of ARB and ARGs from MWWTPE. Solar/Fe2+/S2O82− reached the lowest richness and diversity of microbial community, along with effective removal of the main phyla originally present in MWWTPE (88% of Proteobacteria, 99% of Bacteroidetes, and complete removal of Chlroflexi), 44% removal of total ARGs, and 99% removal of M. tuberculosis. Yet, it led to a 35-fold enrichment for Firmicutes. Hence, it is critical to investigate tolerance mechanisms pertaining to this group. In contrast, the combined oxidant system did not significantly impact alpha diversity of microbial community originally present in MWWTPE (p-value > 0.1), so being less efficient for ARB elimination than the solar/Fe2+/S2O82−. This was not expected as co-occurring reactions in this system should lead to a higher number of reactive radicals (SO4•− and HO•). Furthermore, it also caused positive selection of Firmicutes (>8-fold) and Proteobacteria (>2-fold). Nonetheless, the combined oxidant system resulted in total DNA fragmentation. Thus, it is important to promote further investigation of mechanisms involved in bacteria inactivation and DNA damage in the combined oxidant system.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1385894722015583