摘要
      抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）在环境中的繁殖引起了人们的关注，但如何原位鉴定其宿主致病菌仍然是一个巨大的挑战。在这里，我们通过乳液配对分离和串联PCR（epicPCR）同时检测sul1及其宿主16S rRNA基因，探索了一种典型的ARG sul1基因在农业土壤中的细菌宿主分布和传播。与化肥相比，有机肥（鸡粪）导致sul1基因在土壤中的流行率更高，sul1基因的优势细菌宿主分为变形菌门和拟杆菌门。此外，在有机肥处理中，抗生素抗性细菌（ARB）的多样性、水平基因转移（HGT）的速率、移动遗传元件（MGE）的速率和病原体的比例都显著较高。这项研究提醒人们在农业土壤中施用粪肥可能带来的健康风险。
Abstract
The propagation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in environments has evoked many attentions, however, how to identify their host pathogenic bacteria in situ remains a great challenge. Here we explored the bacterial host distribution and dissemination of a typical ARG, sul1 gene, in agricultural soils through the simultaneous detection of sul1 and its host 16S rRNA gene by emulsion paired isolation and concatenation PCR (epicPCR). Compared to chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer (chicken manure) led to a higher prevalence of sul1 gene in the soil, and dominant bacterial hosts of sul1 gene were classified into Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes phyla. Additionally, significant higher diversity of antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB), higher rate of horizontal gene transfer (HGT), higher rate of mobile genetic elements (MGE) and higher proportion of pathogens were all observed in the treatment of organic fertilizer. This study alerts potential health risks of manure applications in agricultural soils.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389422007749