摘要
      畜牧业中广泛使用抗菌药物在抗微生物耐药性（AMR）危机中发挥着重要作用，并被反复强调为“一个健康”方法下需要发展的领域。微生物组产品等替代疗法可用于预防，以帮助避免传染病。然而，针对AMR靶向微生物组产品的研究数量有限。我们使用PRISMA指南进行了这项系统综述，以筛选在使用针对抗微生物耐药性（AMR）或抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）的微生物组产品时评估食用动物健康的文献。我们搜索并检查了SCOPUS、Web of Science、Embase和Science直接数据库中截至2021年11月发表的研究，这些研究仅限于英语。这篇综述的结果表明，微生物组产品具有很好的能力来应对特定的AMR/ARGs，同时提高动物的健康和生产力。此外，我们的研究表明，益生菌是最有利的测试微生物组产品，对四环素、大环内酯类和β-内酰胺类的耐药性最强。虽然微生物组产品是抗生素预防剂的有前途的替代品，但缺乏研究其针对AMR的疗效。因此，强烈建议进一步研究、开发和改进微生物组，以更好地了解其效用并规避其局限性。
Abstract
Extensive antimicrobial usage in animal farming plays a prominent role in the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) crisis and is repeatedly highlighted as an area needing development under the ‘One Health’ approach. Alternative therapies such as microbiome products can be used as prophylaxis to help avoid infectious disease. However, a limited number of studies have focused on AMR-targeted microbiome products. We conducted this systematic review by using PRISMA guidelines to screen for literature that have evaluated food animals’ health when administrated with microbiome products targeting antimicrobial resistance (AMR) or antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs). We searched and examined studies from SCOPUS, Web of Science, Embase, and Science direct databases for studies published up to November 2021, restricted to the English language. The findings of this review showed that microbiome products have a promising capability to tackle specific AMR/ARGs coupled with animal’s health and productivity improvement. Furthermore, our study showed that probiotics were the most favourable tested microbiome products, with the most targeted resistance being to tetracycline, macrolides, and beta-lactams. While microbiome products are promising alternatives to antibiotic prophylactics, there is a dearth of studies investigating their efficacy in targeting AMR. Thus, it is highly recommended to further investigate, develop, and improve the microbiome, to better understand their utility and circumvent their limitations.

https://www.publish.csiro.au/an/AN22233