摘要
      用生物炭改良人工湿地以刺激抗生素和抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）从碳中去除，由于其高效和良好的稳定性，限制了废水的应用前景。在本研究中，我们进行了生物炭改良人工湿地（BCW）和非生物炭改良的人工湿地（NCW），以探索从低C/N废水中去除磺胺甲恶唑（SMX）和ARGs的可行性和机理。结果表明，生物炭的改良显著刺激了CW中的生物氧化和还原过程，其化学需氧量（COD）、氮和SMX的去除性能（7.1±2.6%、19.8±3.6%、36.8±6.2%）高于NCW。ARGs的积累与SMX的去除效率呈负相关，其中由于SMX去除效率较高，int和sul基因在BCW中的浓度较低。生物炭在水煤浆中的溶解有机碳释放表明，水和碱性介质是去除SMX和ARGs的最佳条件。微生物群落分析表明，BCW中富集了更多能够进行SMX代谢的功能性群落（如节杆菌、Ramlibacter、黄杆菌和norank_f_JG30-KF-CM45）。本研究证明了生物炭修饰CWs调节SMX去除和ARGs积累的可行性和机制，为提高CWs的净化能力提供了新的见解。
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) amended with biochar to stimulate antibiotic and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) removal from carbon restricts wastewater holds particular application prospect due to high efficiency and good stability. In this study, we conducted biochar amended constructed wetland (BCW) and non-biochar amended constructed wetland (NCW) to explore the feasibility and mechanisms for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and ARGs removal from low C/N wastewater. Results showed that biochar-amended considerably stimulated the biological oxidation and reduction process in CW, as evidenced by higher chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen, and SMX removal performance (7.1 ± 2.6 %, 19.8 ± 3.6 %, 36.8 ± 6.2 %) than that in NCW. The accumulation of ARGs was negatively associated with SMX removal efficiency, where the int and sul genes performed lower concentration in BCW due to the higher SMX removal efficiency. The biochar’s dissolved organic carbon release in CWs indicated that water and alkaline media portray the optimum conditions for SMX and ARGs removal. Microbial community analysis exposed that more functional consortia capable of SMX metabolism (e.g., Arthrobacter, Ramlibacter, Flavobacterium, and norank_f_JG30-KF-CM45) were enriched in BCW. This study demonstrated the feasibility and mechanism of biochar-amended CWs for regulated SMX removal and ARGs accumulation, which provides new insights for enhancing the depuration ability of CWs.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1385894723002723