摘要
      塑料垃圾可以长距离携带细菌病原体和抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）等生物体。然而，对红树林湿地塑料垃圾中ARGs的发生情况进行的研究很少。本研究评估了南海沿海红树林塑料垃圾的分布特征和生态风险。对红树林中人为活动水平与ARGs丰度之间的相关性进行了评估。透明和白色是红树林中塑料垃圾的常见颜色。塑料垃圾的主要形状是泡沫和薄膜。塑料垃圾的主要类型依次为：聚乙烯（30.18%）>聚丙烯（27.51%）>聚苯乙烯（23.59%）。生活区（LA）红树林的聚合物危害指数和污染负荷指数最高，分别为329.09和10.03。LA红树林塑料表面ARGs的丰度（5.08×108拷贝/g）显著高于其他红树林区域。此外，红树林塑料表面的ARGs和intI1之间存在显著相关性。ARGs和intI1之间的相关性分析表明，除msbA外，大多数ARGs与intI1相关。在LA红树林中，社会计量和环境因素与四种ARG和intI1的绝对丰度呈显著相关性，表明人类活动可能导致塑料表面ARG数量的变化。此外，不同红树林塑料垃圾的ARG储存量如下：保护区（3.12×1017份）>生活区（2.99×1017次）>水产养殖池塘区（2.88×1017次/份）。面积最小的LA红树林的ARG储量较高，大大增加了其生态风险。这项研究的结果可以为影响红树林中塑料垃圾和ARGs分布的过程提供基本数据。
Abstract
Plastic waste can carry organisms such as bacterial pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) over long distances. However, only few studies have been conducted on the occurrence of ARGs in plastic waste from mangrove wetlands. This study evaluated the distribution characteristics and ecological risks of plastic waste from mangroves in the coastal areas of the South China Sea. The correlation between anthropogenic activity levels and abundance of ARGs in mangroves was evaluated. Transparent and white were the common colors of plastic waste in mangroves. The main shapes of plastic waste were foam and film. The predominant types of plastic waste order were as follows: polyethylene (30.18 %) > polypropylene (27.51 %) > polystyrene (23.59 %). The living area (LA) mangroves had the highest polymer hazard and pollution load indices of 329.09 and 10.03, respectively. The abundance of ARGs (5.08 × 108 copies/g) on the plastic surface in LA mangroves was significantly higher than that of the other mangrove areas. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between ARGs and intI1 on the plastic surface in mangroves. Correlation analysis between the ARGs and intI1 showed that most of the ARGs were correlated with intI1 except for msbA. In LA mangroves, sociometric and environmental factors showed significant correlations with the absolute abundances of the four ARGs and intI1, indicating that anthropogenic activities may lead to changes in the amount of ARGs on plastic surfaces. Furthermore, the ARG storage of plastic waste from different mangroves was as follows: protected areas (3.12 × 1017 copies) > living areas (2.99 × 1017 copies) > aquaculture pond areas (2.88 × 1017 copies). The higher ARG storage of LA mangroves, with the smallest area, greatly increased its ecological risk. The results of this study can provide basic data for processes that influence the distribution of plastic waste and ARGs in mangroves.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969722082146