摘要
      抗生素耐药性是一个主要的全球公共卫生问题。鲍曼不动杆菌是一种医院病原体，由于其对许多抗生素的高耐药性，特别是那些被认为是最后手段的抗生素，如碳青霉烯类抗生素，已成为全球威胁。可移动遗传元件（MGEs）在抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的传播和表达中发挥着重要作用，包括ARGs在物种内部和物种之间的动员。我们对鲍曼不动杆菌中与MGE相关的ARGs的发生和传播进行了深入、系统的调查。我们专注于将人类、动物和环境融为一体的跨部门方法。讨论了防止ARG通过MGE传播的四种策略：使用半透膜覆盖的高温堆肥防止ARG的空气传播；应用纳米材料去除新出现的污染物（抗生素）和病原体；用于控制废水处理厂中ARGs和MGE的三级处理技术；以及通过先进的氧化技术去除ARGs。这项审查从跨部门的角度和防止ARG转移的过程考虑并评估了ARG传播的主要驱动因素。
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a major global public health concern. Acinetobacter baumannii is a nosocomial pathogen that has emerged as a global threat because of its high levels of resistance to many antibiotics, particularly those considered as last-resort antibiotics, such as carbapenems. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) play an important role in the dissemination and expression of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), including the mobilization of ARGs within and between species. We conducted an in-depth, systematic investigation of the occurrence and dissemination of ARGs associated with MGEs in A. baumannii. We focused on a cross-sectoral approach that integrates humans, animals, and environments. Four strategies for the prevention of ARG dissemination through MGEs have been discussed: prevention of airborne transmission of ARGs using semi-permeable membrane-covered thermophilic composting; application of nanomaterials for the removal of emerging pollutants (antibiotics) and pathogens; tertiary treatment technologies for controlling ARGs and MGEs in wastewater treatment plants; and the removal of ARGs by advanced oxidation techniques. This review contemplates and evaluates the major drivers involved in the transmission of ARGs from the cross-sectoral perspective and ARG-transfer prevention processes.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969722065962