摘要
      了解抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）在植物根际的传播和出现，对于评估现代ARGs在土壤地球健康中的风险至关重要。然而，人们对植物根际的选择机制知之甚少。在这里，我们首先分析了拟南芥（Col-0）根际微生物组三代富集过程中根际抗生素抗性组的动态变化，发现有证据表明植物定向富集了具有许多ARG的有益功能细菌。接下来，我们使用宏基因组评估了抗性组在四种常见作物（大麦、籼稻、粳稻和小麦）中的富集潜力，发现小麦根际含有更丰富的ARGs。因此，我们最终对小麦根际微生物组进行了三代培养，发现大约60%的ARGs与小麦根际富集的有益细菌有关，这些有益细菌可能进入土壤食物网并威胁人类健康，尽管它们在植物根际也发挥有益功能。我们的研究为ARGs在植物根际的传播提供了新的见解，所获得的数据可能对可持续和生态安全的农业发展有用。
Abstract
Knowledge of the dissemination and emergence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the plant rhizosphere is essential for evaluating the risk of the modern ARGs in soil planetary health. However, little is known about the selection mechanism in the plant rhizosphere. Here, we firstly analyzed the dynamic changes in the rhizosphere antibiotic resistome during the process of three passage enrichment of the rhizosphere microbiome in Arabidopsis thaliana (Col-0) and found evidence that plants directionally enriched levels of beneficial functional bacteria with many ARGs. Using the metagenome, we next evaluated the enrichment potential of the resistome in four common crops (barley, indica rice, japonica rice, and wheat) and found that the wheat rhizosphere harbored more abundant ARGs. Therefore, we finally cultivated the rhizosphere microbiome of wheat for three generations and found that approximately 60 % of ARGs were associated with beneficial bacteria enriched in the wheat rhizosphere, which might enter the soil food web and threaten human health, despite also performing beneficial functions in the plant rhizosphere. Our study provides new insights into the dissemination of ARGs in the plant rhizosphere, and the obtained data may be useful for sustainable and ecologically safe agricultural development.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969722069479