摘要
      施用粪肥污染的抗生素抗性基因（ARG）食品正引起人们的广泛兴趣，但人们对常规施用粪肥的花生中ARG的分布和吸收知之甚少。在本研究中，使用高通量qPCR和16S rRNA基因测序研究了7年施肥田土壤和花生植物中的ARG谱和细菌群落。施用肥料使土壤和花生中ARGs的丰度分别增加了59–72倍和4–10倍。ARGs的丰度从高到低依次为：粪肥、壳圈土壤、根际土壤、散装土壤、茎、壳、针、粒和根。使用源跟踪器分析来研究花生仁中ARGs的潜在来源，这表明花生仁中的ARGs可能主要被土壤中的根系吸收。ARGs的水平基因转移（HGT）是ARGs传播的主要因素，变形杆菌是花生不同部位之间HGT的主要因子。此外，蓝细菌门的norank_Chloplast是花生仁中ARGs丰度的最重要贡献者。总的来说，我们的发现填补了我们对ARGs在花生植物中的分布模式以及ARGs从土壤到花生仁的迁移途径的理解空白。
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance gene (ARG)-contaminated food from manure application is gaining widespread interest, but little is known about the distribution and uptake of ARGs in peanuts that are subjected to manure routinely. In this study, the ARG profile and bacterial community in soil and peanut plants from a 7-year manure-fertilized field were investigated using high-throughput qPCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Manure application increased the abundance of ARGs in soil and peanuts by 59–72 and 4–10 fold, respectively. The abundance of ARGs from high to low was as follows: manure, shell-sphere soil, rhizosphere soil, bulk soil, stems, shells, needles, kernels, and roots. Source-tracker analyses were used to investigate the potential source of ARGs in peanut kernels, which revealed that the ARGs in peanut kernels may be primarily absorbed by the roots from the soil. The horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of ARGs was the primary factor in the spread of ARGs, and Proteobacteria were the primary agents of HGT between different parts of peanut plants. Additionally, norank_Chloroplast from the phylum Cyanobacteria was the most important contributor to the abundance of ARGs in peanut kernels. Overall, our findings fill a gap in our understanding of the distribution patterns of ARGs in peanut plants and the migratory pathways of ARGs from soil to peanut kernels.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969723003571