摘要
      污泥中的纳米/微塑料（NPs/MP）可诱导厌氧消化（AD）的氧化应激，并使抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）增殖。最近，颗粒活性炭（GAC）被用作添加剂，通过直接种间电子转移（DIET）提高AD中的甲烷产量；然而，其对暴露于NPs/MP的AD的影响尚待研究。本研究考察了GAC（5和15 g/L）对暴露于150µg/L聚苯乙烯纳米塑料（PSNP）的污泥AD的影响。由于活性氧物质水平升高，PsNP使甲烷产量降低了32.3%。然而，添加GAC抵消了这种不利影响，并提高了甲烷产量，这归因于GAC对膳食活性微生物的潜在富集和对PsNPs的吸附。此外，GAC降低了ARGs的总丰度，而暴露于PsNPs会增加ARGs。因此，GAC可以在减轻由PsNPs和ARG传播引起的产甲烷抑制方面提供双重益处。
Abstract
Nano/microplastics (NPs/MPs) in sewage sludge can induce oxidative stress to the anaerobic digestion (AD) and also proliferate antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Recently, granular activated carbon (GAC) has been used as an additive to enhance methane production in AD via direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET); however, its impact on AD exposed to NPs/MPs is yet to be studied. This study examined the effect of GAC (5 and 15 g/L) on sludge AD exposed to 150 µg/L of polystyrene nanoplastics (PsNPs). PsNPs decreased methane yield by 32.3% due to elevated levels of reactive oxygen species. However, GAC addition counteracted this adverse effect and improved methane production, attributed to the potential enrichment of DIET-active microbes and the adsorption of PsNPs by GAC. Moreover, GAC reduced the total abundance of ARGs, which was increased by PsNPs exposure. Thus, GAC can provide dual benefits in mitigating methanogenic inhibition caused by PsNPs and ARG spread.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0960852423003644