摘要
      氯霉素（CAP）在传统的生物废水处理过程中降解不足，在水生环境中具有较高的浓度和检测频率。在本研究中，生物电化学辅助人工湿地系统（BES-CWs）被开发为高效去除CAP的先进工艺，其中评估了CAP的降解和转移以及抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的命运。CAP的去除率可高达90.2%，而去除的CAP可在植物中部分吸附和生物累积，显著影响植物生长。在高电压和CAP浓度下，垂直基因转移和水平基因转移增加了ARGs的丰度。微生物群落分析表明，CAP压力和电刺激选择了功能性细菌，以增加CAP的去除和抗生素耐药性。携带ARGs的CAP降解物种可以增加它们对CAP生物毒性的抵抗力，并保持系统性能。此外，ARGs被转移到植物中并向上转移，这可能会进入食物链。本研究为增强抗生素降解提供了重要参考，并为抗生素生物降解过程中的潜在机制和ARG增殖提供了基础支持。
Abstract
Chloramphenicol (CAP) has a high concentration and detection frequency in aquatic environments due to its insufficient degradation in traditional biological wastewater treatment processes. In this study, bioelectrochemical assistant-constructed wetland systems (BES-CWs) were developed as advanced processes for efficient CAP removal, in which the degradation and transfer of CAP and the fate of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were evaluated. The CAP removal efficiency could reach as high as 90.2%, while the removed CAP can be partially adsorbed and bioaccumulated in plants, significantly affecting plant growth. The vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer increased the abundance of ARGs under high voltage and CAP concentrations. Microbial community analysis showed that CAP pressure and electrical stimulation selected the functional bacteria to increase CAP removal and antibiotic resistance. CAP degradation species carrying ARGs could increase their opposition to the biotoxicity of CAP and maintain system performance. In addition, ARGs are transferred into the plant and upward, which can potentially enter the food chain. This study provides an essential reference for enhancing antibiotic degradation and offers fundamental support for the underlying mechanism and ARG proliferation during antibiotic biodegradation.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304389423004892