摘要
      为了减少抗生素和抗生素耐药性基因（ARGs）在环境中的不良影响，本研究在过硫酸盐（PDS）氧化系统中使用负载铁的生物炭（Fe-LBH）作为活化剂，降解四环素（TC），灭活抗生素耐药性细菌（ARB），并去除ARGs。在Fe-LBH PDS系统中，TC在30min内被有效去除（超过85%），高于原始生物炭PDS系统（15.5%）。生物炭、PDS中的Fe掺杂量和催化剂剂量显著影响TC的降解。此外，Fe-LBH PDS系统在60分钟内灭活了60.4%的ARB（铜绿假单胞菌HLS-6）。ARGs（sul1和sul2）和intI1的去除效率分别为0.05–0.60和1.54–2.74 log2倍。Fe（II）和氧官能团（例如-C-OH和-C=O）被证实是PDS活化的反应位点。此外，根据电子顺磁共振（EPR）和自由基猝灭实验的结果，以自由基dotOH为主的自由基途径和以单线态氧（1O2）为主的非自由基途径在Fe-LBH-PDS氧化过程中发挥协同作用。这些发现为Fe-LBH-PDS在废水处理实践中降解TC和阻碍抗生素耐药性传播提供了可能的应用。
Abstract
To reduce the adverse effects of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment, this study employed iron-loaded biochar (Fe-LBH) as an activator in a persulfate (PDS) oxidation system to degrade tetracycline (TC), inactivate antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB), and remove ARGs. TC was removed efficiently (more than 85%) in the Fe-LBH-PDS system within 30 min, which was higher than that in the pristine biochar-PDS system (15.5%). The Fe doping amount in biochar, PDS, and catalyst dose significantly affected TC degradation. Furthermore, the Fe-LBH-PDS system inactivated 60.4% of ARB (Pseudomonas aeruginosa HLS-6) within 60 min. The removal efficiencies of ARGs (sul1 and sul2) and intI1 were 0.05–0.60- and 1.54–2.74 log2-fold, respectively. Fe (II) and oxygen functional groups (e.g., -C-OH and -C = O) were verified as the reactive sites for PDS activation. In addition, according to the results of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and radical quenching experiments, the radical pathway dominated by radical dotOH and the non-radical pathway dominated by singlet oxygen (1O2) play synergistic roles in the Fe-LBH-PDS oxidation process. These findings provide a possible application of Fe-LBH-PDS for TC degradation and hindering antibiotic resistance dissemination in wastewater treatment practice.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1385894723012895