摘要
      本研究旨在从家禽益生菌产品中鉴定乳酸杆菌的抗微生物耐药性基因（ARGs）及其在大肠杆菌中传播的潜力。基于培养、生物化学和分子研究结果，从35个家禽益生菌样品中分离并鉴定了乳杆菌属。对所有分离株（n=35）进行了一些ARGs的筛选，如编码β-内酰胺酶的基因（blaTEM、blaCTXM-1和blaCTXM-2）、质粒介导的喹诺酮类耐药基因（qnrA、qnrB和qnrS）和四环素耐药基因（tetA和tetB）。来自三个品牌的五株乳酸杆菌分离株对一种或多种ARG呈阳性。在四个分离株中检测到qnrS。在两个分离株中检测到blaTEM和tetB。一个分离株含有blaCTX-M-1、blaCTX-M-2和tetA基因。品牌分析显示，来自品牌4的一个分离物含有blaTEM、blaCTX-M-1、blaCTX-M-2、qnrS和tetA基因，来自品牌2的一个隔离物含有blaTEM基因，而来自品牌7的三个分离物携带qnrS基因。乳酸杆菌属和大肠杆菌的共培养导致qnrS、CTX-M-1和tetA从乳酸杆菌属传播到大肠杆菌。药敏试验结果显示，对头孢吡肟和头孢噻肟的耐药性最高，其次是青霉素G、苯唑西林、头孢呋辛和氧氟沙星。本研究结果表明，通过益生菌在家禽种群中横向传播抗微生物耐药性的潜在风险。因此，非常有必要检查ARGs以及益生菌的其他属性，以避免益生菌中包含耐药菌株。
Abstract
The study was conducted to identify the antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in Lactobacillus spp. from poultry probiotic products and their potential to spread among Escherichia coli. Lactobacillus spp. were isolated and identified from 35 poultry probiotic samples based on the cultural, biochemical, and molecular findings. All the isolates (n = 35) were screened for the presence of some ARGs such as β-lactamases encoding genes (blaTEM, blaCTXM-1, and blaCTXM-2), plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene (qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS), and tetracycline resistance genes (tetA and tetB). Five Lactobacillus spp. isolates from three brands were positive for one or more ARGs. The qnrS was detected in four isolates. The blaTEM and tetB were detected in two isolates. One isolate contained blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-2, and tetA genes. Brand-wise analysis revealed that one isolate from Brand 4 contained blaTEM, blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-2, qnrS, and tetA genes, one isolate from Brand 2 contained blaTEM gene, and three isolates from Brand 7 harbored qnrS gene. The co-culture of Lactobacillus spp. and E. coli resulted in the transmission of qnrS, CTX-M-1, and tetA from Lactobacillus spp. to E. coli. Results of antimicrobial susceptibility test revealed that the highest resistance was observed to cefepime and cefotaxime followed by penicillin G, oxacillin, cefuroxime, and ofloxacin. The findings of the present study indicate the potential risk of horizontal spread of antimicrobial resistance through probiotic bacteria among the poultry population. Therefore, it is very necessary to check for ARGs along with other attributes of probiotic bacteria to avoid the inclusion of resistant strains in probiotics.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451943X23000091