摘要
      厌氧消化（AD）已成为一种很有前途的技术，可以将垃圾填埋场的有机废物与清洁能源的生产一起转移。AD是一种微生物驱动的生物化学过程，其中过多的微生物群落参与将腐烂的有机物转化为沼气。然而，AD过程易受外部环境因素的影响，如物理（微塑料）和化学（抗生素、农药）污染物的存在。由于陆地生态系统中的塑料污染日益严重，微塑料污染最近受到了关注。本综述旨在全面评估MPs污染对AD过程的影响，以开发有效的处理技术。首先，对MPs进入AD系统的可能途径进行了严格评估。此外，还回顾了最近关于不同浓度下不同类型MP对AD过程影响的实验研究的文献。此外，还阐明了MPs对微生物细胞的直接暴露、MPs通过浸出有毒化学物质的间接影响以及活性氧（ROS）的形成对AD过程的影响等几种机制。此外，还讨论了由于MPs对微生物群落的胁迫，AD过程后抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）增加的风险。总的来说，这篇综述在不同水平上解读了MPs污染对AD过程的严重程度。
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) has emerged as a promising technology for diverting the organic waste from the landfills along with the production of clean energy. AD is a microbial-driven biochemical process wherein the plethora of microbial communities participate in converting the putrescible organic matter into biogas. Nevertheless, the AD process is susceptible to the external environmental factors such as presence of physical (microplastics) and chemical (antibiotics, pesticides) pollutants. The microplastics (MPs) pollution has received recent attention due to the increasing plastic pollution in terrestrial ecosystems. This review was aimed for holistic assessment of impact of MPs pollution on AD process to develop efficient treatment technology. First, the possible pathways of MPs entry into the AD systems were critically evaluated. Further, the recent literature on the experimental studies pertaining to the impact of different types of MPs at different concentrations on the AD process was reviewed. In addition, several mechanisms such as direct exposure of MPs on the microbial cells, indirect impact of MPs through the leaching of toxic chemicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation on AD process were elucidated. Besides, the risk possessed by the increase of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) after the AD process due to the MPs stress on microbial communities were discussed. Overall, this review deciphered the severity of MPs pollution on AD process at different levels.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0269749123004281