摘要
      塑料层在海洋中得到了广泛的研究；然而，关于淡水生态系统中生物体如何与质体相互作用，特别是这种相互作用如何随时间变化的信息很少。在一年多的时间里，我们对真核生物和细菌群落的进化进行了表征，这些群落定居在同一条河流的两个地点，具有不同的人为影响。α-多样性分析表明，该位点在细菌和真核生物多样性中发挥着重要作用，受影响最大的位点具有更高的Shannon多样性指数。β-多样性分析表明，该位点解释了大多数样本的变异，其次是基质类型（即塑料制品）和首次定植以来的时间。在这方面，可以在属水平上确定每种塑料在1个月、3个月、6个月和12个月时的核心微生物组/生物群落，从而对塑料层随时间的演变进行全球概述。测得的河水中抗生素的浓度与塑料上抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的丰度呈正相关。这些结果提供了淡水生态系统中塑料层时间动态的相关信息，并强调了塑料制品对抗生素耐药性全球传播的潜在贡献。
Abstract
The plastisphere has been widely studied in the oceans; however, there is little information on how living organisms interact with the plastisphere in freshwater ecosystems, and particularly on how this interaction changes over time. We have characterized, over one year, the evolution of the eukaryotic and bacterial communities colonizing four everyday plastic items deployed in two sites of the same river with different anthropogenic impact. α-diversity analyses showed that site had a significant role in bacterial and eukaryotic diversity, with the most impacted site having higher values of the Shannon diversity index. β-diversity analyses showed that site explained most of the sample variation followed by substrate type (i.e., plastic item) and time since first colonization. In this regard, core microbiomes/biomes in each plastic at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months could be identified at genus level, giving a global overview of the evolution of the plastisphere over time. The measured concentration of antibiotics in the river water positively correlated with the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) on the plastics. These results provide relevant information on the temporal dynamics of the plastisphere in freshwater ecosystems and emphasize the potential contribution of plastic items to the global spread of antibiotic resistance.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304389422020659