摘要

北美在畜牧业生产中使用抗生素以及与可检测抗菌素抗性基因（ARG）的丰富度相关的可能性越来越受到关注。实时定量PCR（RT-qPCR）用于确定阿尔伯塔省4个牛肉饲养场的粪便复合物和捕捞池样品中ARG的相对丰度和多样性。还包括来自周边水路和市政污水处理厂的样品，以比较城市环境和淡水与饲养场的ARG特征。检查了5个抗生素家族的18个抗性基因的相对丰度，包括磺胺类，四环素类，大环内酯类，氟喹诺酮类和β-内酰胺类。磺胺，氟喹诺酮和β-内酰胺抗性基因在废水处理样品中占优势，而四环素抗性基因在牛粪混合样品中占优势。这些结果反映了用于牛与人类的抗生素类型，但其他因素如ARG的共同选择以及与这些样品相关的细菌群落组成的变化也可能起作用。

The use of antibiotics in livestock production in North America and possible association with elevated abundance of detectable antimicrobial resistance genes (ARG) is a growing concern. Real-time, quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to determine the relative abundance and diversity of ARG in fecal composite and catch basin samples from 4 beef feedlots in Alberta. Samples from a surrounding waterway and municipal wastewater treatment plants were also included to compare the ARG profile of urban environments and fresh water with that of feedlots. The relative abundance of 18 resistance genes across 5 antibiotic families including sulfonamides, tetracyclines, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, and β-lactams was examined. Sulfonamide, fluoroquinolone, and β-lactam resistance genes predominated in wastewater treatment samples, while tetracycline resistance genes predominated in cattle fecal composite samples. These results reflect the types of antibiotic that are used in cattle versus humans, but other factors such as co-selection of ARG and variation in the composition of bacterial communities associated with these samples may also play a role.

http://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/cvma/cjvr/2018/00000082/00000001/art00004