摘要

抗生素抗性细菌（ARB）通过饮用水对人类健康构成潜在威胁，在世界各地经后处理的自来水中有强烈的ARB存在证据。本研究通过饮用水，不同的饮用水处理对AR大肠杆菌的影响以及源水中所需的AR大肠杆菌的浓度来检测人类暴露于抗生素抗性（AR）大肠杆菌（大肠杆菌）欧盟饮用水指令（DWD）（Council Directive 98/83 / EC，0 CFU / 100 ml饮用水中的大肠杆菌）将被超过。评估了一些场景，以检查不同的水处理组合，并在欧洲的研究现场反映场地特定的条件。进行文献检索以整理有关环境条件对AR大肠杆菌影响的数据，不同水处理对AR大肠杆菌的影响以及典型的人类自来水水平。用概率分布开发了人类暴露评估模型，用于表征输入数据中的不确定性和变异性。总体结果显示，对于所测试的情景，自来水消费的平均成人暴露于AR大肠杆菌的范围介于3.44×10-7和2.95×10-1cfu /天之间，并且取决于所使用的水处理方式而变化。源水预处理中超过DWD所需的AR大肠杆菌的水平在1和5log cfu / ml之间变化，取决于所使用的水处理。这可以用来设置饮用水中潜在ARB暴露的预处理水中的可能监测标准。

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) are a potential threat to human health through drinking water with strong evidence of ARB presence in post treated tap water around the world. This study examines potential human exposure to antibiotic-resistant (AR) Escherichia coli (E. coli) through drinking water, the effect of different drinking water treatments on AR E. coliand the concentration of AR E. coli required in the source water for the EU Drinking Water Directive (DWD) (Council Directive 98/83/EC, 0 CFU/100 ml of E. coli in drinking water) to be exceeded. A number of scenarios were evaluated to examine different water treatment combinations and to reflect site specific conditions at a study site in Europe. A literature search was carried out to collate data on the effect of environmental conditions on AR E.coli, the effect of different water treatments on AR E. coli and typical human consumption levels of tap water. A human exposure assessment model was developed with probability distributions used to characterise uncertainty and variability in the input data. Overall results show the mean adult human exposure to AR E. coli from tap water consumption ranged between 3.44 × 10–7 and 2.95 × 10–1cfu/day for the scenarios tested and varied depending on the water treatments used. The level of AR E. coli required in the source water pre-treatment to exceed the DWD varied between 1 and 5 log cfu/ml, depending on the water treatments used. This can be used to set possible monitoring criteria in pre-treated water for potential ARB exposure in drinking water.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969717328917