摘要
      污水处理厂是水生环境中抗生素抗性基因的重要来源。可移动遗传元件（MGE）和微生物群落是影响ARGs增殖的关键因素。为了揭示污水处理厂污水排放对沿海地区ARGs和微生物群落的影响，通过高通量定量PCR和16S rRNA高通量测序，研究了上虞（SY）、嘉兴（JX）污水接收区（ERAs）和杭州湾（HB）近海地区ARGs。结果表明，在所有采样位点中，多药耐药基因是最丰富的ARG。ERA中ARGs和MGE的多样性和丰度远高于HB。此外，JX-ERA的微生物群落多样性高于SY-ERA和HB。PCoA显示，ERA和HB中ARGs、MGEs和微生物群落的分布存在显著差异，表明长期废水排放可能会改变沿海地区ARGs和MGEs的分布。ARGs、MGE和微生物群落的共现模式显示，Psychrobacter、Pseudomonas、Sulfitobacter、Pseudoalteromonas和Bacillus等12个细菌属与ARGs和MGE呈强正相关。大多数潜在宿主携带多药和β-内酰胺酶抗性基因。
Abstract 
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are important sources of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquatic environments. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and microbial communities are key factors that affect the proliferation of ARGs. To reveal the effects of WWTPs effluent discharge on the ARGs and microbial community in a coastal area, the structure and distribution of ARGs, MGEs, and microbial community in Shangyu (SY) and Jiaxing (JX) effluent receiving areas (ERAs) and the offshore area of Hangzhou Bay (HB) were investigated via high-throughput quantitative PCR and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that multidrug resistance genes were the most abundant ARGs across all the sampling sites. The diversity and abundance of ARGs and MGEs in the ERAs were much higher than those in the HB. Additionally, the diversities of the microbial community in the JX-ERA were higher than those in the SY-ERA and HB. PCoA showed that the distribution of ARGs, MGEs, and microbial communities in the ERAs and HB were significantly different, indicating that the long-term wastewater discharge could alter the distribution of ARGs, MGEs, and microbial communities in the coastal area. The co-occurrence pattern among ARGs, MGEs, and microbial communities revealed that 12 bacterial genera, such as Psychrobacter, Pseudomonas, Sulfitobacter, Pseudoalteromonas, and Bacillus, showed strong positive correlations with ARGs and MGEs. Most potential hosts carried multidrug and β-lactamase resistance genes.

https://europepmc.org/article/med/36096602