摘要
      潜在的人畜共患病原体可能通过非法野生肉类贸易从野生动物传播给人类，这已成为一个紧迫的问题。然而，对马来亚穿山甲（Manis javanica）肠道细菌抗微生物基因（ARGs）的研究有限。在这里，2019年从马来亚穿山甲粪便中分离出的耐多药大肠杆菌M172-1（ST354）被发现对13种抗生素具有耐药性。BGWAS分析显示，分离物中有4个质粒，即pM172-1.1、pM172-1.2、pM172.1.3和pM172-1.4。pM172-1.2、pM172-1.3和pM172-1.4质粒分别携带ARGs，即IncHI2-HI2A、IncX1-X1和IncX1。pM172-1.3和pM172-1.4含有完整的IntI1整合子（Is26/IntI1/arr2/cmlA5/blaOXA-10/ant（3〃）-IIA/dfrA14/Is26）。值得注意的是，pM172-1.3由2个pM172-1.4拷贝的融合产生，并携带更多的ARG。除了来自同一宿主的pM172-1.3外，在同一马来亚穿山甲粪便样本中的其他耐药细菌（大肠杆菌M159-1（ST48）、大肠杆菌S171-1（ST206）和肺炎克雷伯菌S174-1（ST2354））也携带了3个质粒，pM172-1.4的基因覆盖率为100%，同一性为99.98%。因此，IncX1中的ARGs可能通过非法食物链在马来亚穿山甲的肠道菌群中传播，并在物种之间传播，对公众健康和安全构成潜在威胁。
Abstract
Potential zoonotic pathogens may be transmitted from wildlife to humans through the illegal wild meat trade, which has become a pressing issue. However, research on the antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) of Malayan pangolin (Manis javanica) intestinal bacteria is limited. Here, multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli M172-1 (ST354) isolated from Malayan pangolin feces in 2019 was found to be resistant to 13 antibiotics. BGWAS analysis revealed 4 plasmids, namely, pM172-1.1, pM172-1.2, pM172-1.3, and pM172-1.4, in the isolate. The pM172-1.2, pM172-1.3, and pM172-1.4 plasmids carried ARGs, namely, IncHI2-HI2A, IncX1-X1, and IncX1, respectively. pM172-1.3 and pM172-1.4 contained intact IntI1 integrons (Is26/IntI1/arr2/cmlA5/blaOXA-10/ant(3″)-IIA/dfrA14/Is26). Notably, pM172-1.3 resulted from the fusion of 2 pM172-1.4 copies and carried many more ARGs. In addition to pM172-1.3 from the same host, other drug-resistant bacteria (E. coli M159-1 (ST48), E. coli S171-1 (ST206), and Klebsiella pneumoniae S174-1 (ST2354)) in the same Malayan pangolin fecal samples also carried 3 plasmids with 100% gene coverage of pM172-1.4 and 99.98% identity. Therefore, ARGs in IncX1 might spread in the intestinal flora of Malayan pangolin and between species via the illegal food chain, posing a potential threat to public health and safety.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1749-4877.12637